当前位置: 首页 > 图文教程 > 数据库 > MSSQL > 一条语句简单解决“每个Y的最新X”的经典sql语句

MSSQL
无数据库日志文件恢复数据库方法两则(一)
SQLServer编写存储过程小工具(一)
SQLServer编写存储过程小工具(二)
SQLServer编写存储过程小工具(三)
Eclipse+JBoss+MySQL开发环境设置
MYSQL使用简述
一些有用的sql语句实例
枚举SQLServer的实例
SQLServer应用程序中的高级SQL注入
SQL Server数据库超级管理员账号防护知识
讲解如何实现互联网上数据库的安全
SQL 2005数据库转到SQL 2000的步骤讲解
带你轻松接触数据库生成xml的两个方法
用MS SQL Reporting Services生成报表
保护SQL Server的十个步骤
关于SQL SERVER的一些安全问题
SQL Server 2008数据库中使用表值参数
SQL Server 2005中用存储过程实现搜索功能
MS SQL数据库置疑解决办法
SQL Server密码管理的六个危险判断

MSSQL 中的 一条语句简单解决“每个Y的最新X”的经典sql语句


出处:互联网   整理: 软晨网(RuanChen.com)   发布: 2009-09-13   浏览: 161 ::
收藏到网摘: n/a

“每个Y的最新X”是一个经典的SQL问题,工作中经常碰到。当然不是“按Y分组求最新的X值”那么简单,要求最新X的那条记录或主键ID。用一条SQL语句可以简单的解决此问题。 生成实例表和数据:
复制代码 代码如下:

/****** 创建表 ******/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[Table]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1)
drop table [dbo].[Table]
GO
Create TABLE [dbo].[Table] (
[ID] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL ,
[Y] [nvarchar] (50) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NOT NULL ,
[X] [smalldatetime] NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
--插入数据
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
GO
/****** 创建表 ******/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[Table]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1)
drop table [dbo].[Table]
GO
Create TABLE [dbo].[Table] (
[ID] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL ,
[Y] [nvarchar] (50) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NOT NULL ,
[X] [smalldatetime] NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
--插入数据
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')

GO解决“每个Y的最新X”经典SQL问题:以下几种方法真是八仙过海
复制代码 代码如下:

Select ID, Y, X
FROM [Table] T1
Where (NOT EXISTS
(Select 1
FROM [Table] T2
Where (T2.Y = T1 .Y) AND (T2.X > T1 .X or
T2.X = T1 .X AND T2.ID > T1 .ID)))
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table]
Where ID IN
(Select MAX(T1.ID)
FROM [Table] T1 JOIN
(Select y, MAX(x) x
FROM [Table]
GROUP BY y) T2 ON T1.Y = T2.Y AND T1.x = T2.x
GROUP BY T1.y)
/*****************************************************************************/
Select T .ID, T .Y, T .X
FROM [Table] T INNER JOIN
(Select MAX(T1.ID) AS ID
FROM [Table] T1 JOIN
(Select y, MAX(x) x
FROM [Table]
GROUP BY y) T2 ON T1.Y = T2.Y AND T1.x = T2.x
GROUP BY T1.y) T2 ON T .ID = T2.ID
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table] T1
Where ID IN
(Select TOP 1 ID
FROM [Table]
Where Y = T1.Y
orDER BY X DESC)
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table] T1
Where (ID =
(Select TOP 1 ID
FROM [Table]
Where Y = T1.Y
orDER BY X DESC, ID DESC))
/*****************************************************************************/
/*****************************************************************************/
Select ID, Y, X
FROM [Table] T1
Where (NOT EXISTS
(Select 1
FROM [Table] T2
Where (T2.Y = T1 .Y) AND (T2.X > T1 .X or
T2.X = T1 .X AND T2.ID > T1 .ID)))
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table]
Where ID IN
(Select MAX(T1.ID)
FROM [Table] T1 JOIN
(Select y, MAX(x) x
FROM [Table]
GROUP BY y) T2 ON T1.Y = T2.Y AND T1.x = T2.x
GROUP BY T1.y)
/*****************************************************************************/
Select T .ID, T .Y, T .X
FROM [Table] T INNER JOIN
(Select MAX(T1.ID) AS ID
FROM [Table] T1 JOIN
(Select y, MAX(x) x
FROM [Table]
GROUP BY y) T2 ON T1.Y = T2.Y AND T1.x = T2.x
GROUP BY T1.y) T2 ON T .ID = T2.ID
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table] T1
Where ID IN
(Select TOP 1 ID
FROM [Table]
Where Y = T1.Y
orDER BY X DESC)
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table] T1
Where (ID =
(Select TOP 1 ID
FROM [Table]
Where Y = T1.Y
orDER BY X DESC, ID DESC))

/*****************************************************************************
/效率嘛,在不同的字段建立索引速度都不尽相同,使用者见仁见智了.
第一种方法速度在各方面都不错,而且在Y列在建立索引,可以大大优化查询速度。