当前位置: 首页 > 图文教程 > 数据库 > MSSQL > 一条语句简单解决“每个Y的最新X”的经典sql语句

MSSQL
sql 批量修改数据库表
mssql CASE,GROUP BY用法
利用SQL SERVER建立登录WINDOWS帐号
SQL Server 2008 正式版安装指南 包含序列号
SQL Server 2008图文安装教程
sql 语句 取数据库服务器上所有数据库的名字
sqlserver 数据类型转换小实验
SQL Server 存储过程解析
压缩技术给SQL Server备份文件瘦身
SQL Server 2005 还原数据库错误解决方法
Sql Server datetime问题
SQL语句 操作全集 学习mssql的朋友一定要看
格式导致的Excel导入sql出现异常的解决方法
SQL Server 数据库自动执行管理任务
sql Set IDENTITY_INSERT的用法
sql 修改表的所有者
过程需要参数 ''@statement'' 为 ''ntext/nchar/nvarchar'' 类型
mssql 建立索引
SQL Server 索引结构及其使用(一)--深入浅出理解索引结构
SQL Server 索引结构及其使用(二) 改善SQL语句

MSSQL 中的 一条语句简单解决“每个Y的最新X”的经典sql语句


出处:互联网   整理: 软晨网(RuanChen.com)   发布: 2009-09-13   浏览: 75 ::
收藏到网摘: n/a

“每个Y的最新X”是一个经典的SQL问题,工作中经常碰到。当然不是“按Y分组求最新的X值”那么简单,要求最新X的那条记录或主键ID。用一条SQL语句可以简单的解决此问题。 生成实例表和数据:
复制代码 代码如下:

/****** 创建表 ******/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[Table]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1)
drop table [dbo].[Table]
GO
Create TABLE [dbo].[Table] (
[ID] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL ,
[Y] [nvarchar] (50) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NOT NULL ,
[X] [smalldatetime] NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
--插入数据
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
GO
/****** 创建表 ******/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[Table]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1)
drop table [dbo].[Table]
GO
Create TABLE [dbo].[Table] (
[ID] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL ,
[Y] [nvarchar] (50) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NOT NULL ,
[X] [smalldatetime] NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
--插入数据
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('BBB', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('AAA', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('CCC', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('DDD', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-01-01 01:01:01')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-02-02 02:02:02')
Insert INTO [Table](Y, X) values('EEE', '2007-03-03 03:03:03')

GO解决“每个Y的最新X”经典SQL问题:以下几种方法真是八仙过海
复制代码 代码如下:

Select ID, Y, X
FROM [Table] T1
Where (NOT EXISTS
(Select 1
FROM [Table] T2
Where (T2.Y = T1 .Y) AND (T2.X > T1 .X or
T2.X = T1 .X AND T2.ID > T1 .ID)))
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table]
Where ID IN
(Select MAX(T1.ID)
FROM [Table] T1 JOIN
(Select y, MAX(x) x
FROM [Table]
GROUP BY y) T2 ON T1.Y = T2.Y AND T1.x = T2.x
GROUP BY T1.y)
/*****************************************************************************/
Select T .ID, T .Y, T .X
FROM [Table] T INNER JOIN
(Select MAX(T1.ID) AS ID
FROM [Table] T1 JOIN
(Select y, MAX(x) x
FROM [Table]
GROUP BY y) T2 ON T1.Y = T2.Y AND T1.x = T2.x
GROUP BY T1.y) T2 ON T .ID = T2.ID
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table] T1
Where ID IN
(Select TOP 1 ID
FROM [Table]
Where Y = T1.Y
orDER BY X DESC)
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table] T1
Where (ID =
(Select TOP 1 ID
FROM [Table]
Where Y = T1.Y
orDER BY X DESC, ID DESC))
/*****************************************************************************/
/*****************************************************************************/
Select ID, Y, X
FROM [Table] T1
Where (NOT EXISTS
(Select 1
FROM [Table] T2
Where (T2.Y = T1 .Y) AND (T2.X > T1 .X or
T2.X = T1 .X AND T2.ID > T1 .ID)))
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table]
Where ID IN
(Select MAX(T1.ID)
FROM [Table] T1 JOIN
(Select y, MAX(x) x
FROM [Table]
GROUP BY y) T2 ON T1.Y = T2.Y AND T1.x = T2.x
GROUP BY T1.y)
/*****************************************************************************/
Select T .ID, T .Y, T .X
FROM [Table] T INNER JOIN
(Select MAX(T1.ID) AS ID
FROM [Table] T1 JOIN
(Select y, MAX(x) x
FROM [Table]
GROUP BY y) T2 ON T1.Y = T2.Y AND T1.x = T2.x
GROUP BY T1.y) T2 ON T .ID = T2.ID
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table] T1
Where ID IN
(Select TOP 1 ID
FROM [Table]
Where Y = T1.Y
orDER BY X DESC)
/*****************************************************************************/
Select *
FROM [Table] T1
Where (ID =
(Select TOP 1 ID
FROM [Table]
Where Y = T1.Y
orDER BY X DESC, ID DESC))

/*****************************************************************************
/效率嘛,在不同的字段建立索引速度都不尽相同,使用者见仁见智了.
第一种方法速度在各方面都不错,而且在Y列在建立索引,可以大大优化查询速度。